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African American Historical Figure. Franklin made his national reputation through the broadcasting of his church services on the radio (including Aretha's debut at his church when she was fourteen), and even more so through recordings of his sermons, which led to an extensive touring career. In the 1970s, Franklin went into decline, his increasing dependence on alcohol masking his declining powers of performance.Unfortunately, as Salvatore tells us in the acknowledgements, Aretha did not (would not?) sit for an interview. Kennedy: Civil Rights Message (1963) "The Negro as an American" June 13, 1963Robert Clifton Weaver. He took it to new heights when he married the African American sermonic form (and even classic and storied sermons known by all, such as "The Eagle Stirreth Her Nest") to contemporary themes. Nowadays Franklin would be recognized, if at all, as the father of Aretha Franklin. Aretha's older sister, Erma, however, evidently befriended Salvatore, and judging by the footnotes she provided a wealth of insight into the family. Barbara Barrow (production assistant) (item number not yet assigned) The Say Brother Collection Web site is a production of the WGBH Archives. Truman Executive Order 9981 (1948) Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) Dorothy E. Charles I king of England, scotland and Ireland, executed Charles II king of England, scotland and Ireland, restored the monarchy Geoffrey Chaucer 14th century author, wrote 'The Canterbury Tales' Chiang Kai-shek 20th century Chinese nationalist leader Vere Gordon Childe 20th century archaeologist, theorist Winston Churchill statesman, World War Two prime minister, national hero Thomas Clarkson leading campaigner against slave trade Claudius straight guy turned gay Roman emperor, conqueror of Britain Cleopatra Egyptian ruler, last of the Ptolemys, lover of Julius Caesar Bill Clinton late 20th century US president John Colet educational pioneer, 16th century Michael Collins Irish republican leader, soldier and politician Christopher Columbus Italian explorer, discovered the Americas, 15th century Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 19th-20th century author, created Sherlock Holmes John Constable 19th century landscape artist Captain James Cook 18th century explorer, navigator Copernicus astronomer, said earth orbits the sun Thomas Cranmer architect of English Reformation, advisor to Henry VIII Crick and Watson discovered structure of DNA, Nobel prize winners Oliver Cromwell English revolutionary, regicide and lord protector Thomas Cromwell architect of English Reformation, advisor to Henry VIII William Cuffay 19th century social reformer Marie Curie 19th-20th century scientist, winner of two Nobel prizes Vasco da Gama Portuguese explorer, navigator, 16th century Leonardo da Vinci Italian Renaissance artist, inventor Charles Darwin Victorian naturalist, formulated theory of evolution David I medieval king of Scotland, reformer St David patron saint of Wales Emily Davison 20th century militant suffragette Sir Humphry Davy 19th century scientist, inventor of the Davy lamp Ferdinand de Lesseps 19th century administrator, built the Suez Canal Catherine de Medici Italian-born French queen and crash holly pup x regent Eamon de Valera 20th century Irish nationalist, president of Eire Charles Dickens Victorian author Benjamin DisraeliVictorian Conservative prime minister Djoser Egyptian pharaoh, initiated the building of pyramids Admiral Karl Dönitz German U-boat commander, successor to Adolf Hitler Sir Francis Drake Elizabethan mariner, explorer Cornelius Drebbel Dutch Renaissance inventor of the submarine Robert, Earl of Essex royal favourite, rebelled against Elizabeth I Anthony Eden Conservative prime minister during Suez Crisis Edward the Confessor Anglo-Saxon king of England Edward I medieval king of England, campaigned against Scotland, Wales Edward II medieval king of England, deposed Edward III medieval king of England at the start of the Hundred Years War Edward IV king of England, established australia pub victoriapremier america the Yorkist dynasty Edward V Yorkist king of England, deposed and murdered Edward VI Tudor king of England, only son of Henry VIII Edward VII 20th century king of the United Kingdom, heir to Victoria Edward VIII 20th century king of the United Kingdom, abdicated Albert Einstein theoretical physicist, Nobel prize winner Dwight Eisenhower World War Two general, US president Eleanor of Aquitaine queen consort of France and later queen of England George Eliot 19th century female author Elizabeth I Tudor queen of England, perceived as bringing a 'golden age' Elizabeth II queen of the United Kingdom, reigning monarch Olaudah Equiano 18th century African writer, anti-slavery campaigner Erasmus Dutch writer, scholar, humanist of the Reformation Leif Erikson 11th century explorer, may have discovered the Americas Thomas Fairfax English Civil War general, Parliamentarian Michael Faraday 19th century inventor, electrical pioneer Henry Faulds Victorian inventor, credited with fingerprinting Alexander Fleming 20th century physician, discovered penicillin William Henry Fox Talbot Victorian pioneer of photography Benjamin Franklin American revolutionary, diplomat, inventor Sigmund Freud 19th-20th century pioneer of pyschoanalysis Thomas Gainsborough 18th century artist Galen ancient Roman medical pioneer Galileo Galilei Italian Renaissance scientist, philosopher Mohandas Gandhi 20th century leader of India's independence movement Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Britain's first qualified female doctor Marcus Garvey 20th century civil rights activist Elizabeth Gaskell Victorian novelist Charles de Gaulle 20th century French general, president, national hero David Lloyd George statesman, World War One prime minister George I first Hanoverian king of Great Britain George II 18th century king of Great Britain, expanded British empire George III 18th century king of the United Kingdom, lost the American colonies George IV 19th century king of the United Kingdom, patron of architecture St George patron saint of England George V king of the United Kingdom during World War One George VI king of the United Kingdom during World War Two William Gilbert 16th century scientist, pioneer of magnetism William Ewart Gladstone Victorian Liberal prime minister Owain Glyn Dwr led medieval Welsh revolt against England Lady Godiva semi-mythical Anglo-Saxon heroine General Charles Gordon Victorian military hero, killed at Khartoum Francisco Goya 18th-19th century Spanish artist Lady Jane Grey 16th century queen of England, reigned for nine days Che Guevara Cuban revolutionary leader General Douglas Haig British World War One commander Edmond Halley 17th-18th century astronomer, scientist Harold II last Anglo-Saxon king of England Arthur 'Bomber' Harris World War Two British bomber commander William Harvey 17th century physician, discovered circulation Edward Heath 20th century Conservative prime minister Henry I medieval king of England, increased the monarch's powers Henry II medieval king of England, strengthened royal administration Henry III medieval king of England, fought with his nobles Henry IV king of England, Lancastrian usurper Henry V Lancastrian king of England, military hero Henry VI king of England, fought Wars of the Roses Henry VII king of England, first Tudor monarch Henry VIII pontoon boat for sale on ebay Tudor king of England, initiated English Reformation Heinrich Himmler Nazi, head of the SS, architect of genocide Paul von Hindenburg 20th century German general, politician Emperor arkansas appaloosa horse club Hirohito Japanese emperor during World War Two Adolf Hitler leader of Nazi Germany, architect of genocide Ho Chi Minh 20th century Vietnamese revolutionary leader Thomas Hobbes 17th century political philosopher Homer ancient Greek author, wrote the 'Odyssey' and 'Iliad' Admiral Charles Howard defeated the Spanish Armada John Howard 18th century prison reformer Thomas Henry Huxley Victorian biologist, developed theory of evolution Imhotep Egyptian architect of the first known pyramid Noor Inayat Khan World War Two British agent, executed Henry Ireton English Civil War general James I and VI king of England and Scotland, first Stuart monarch James II Stuart king of England, Scotland and Ireland, deposed Thomas Jefferson American revolutionary, president Admiral John Jellicoe British World War One admiral Edward Jenner 18th-19th century pioneer of vaccination, immunology Mohammad Ali Jinnah 20th century leader of Pakistan's independence movement John medieval king of England, signed the Magna Carta Samuel Johnson 18th century author, compiled the 'Dictionary of the English Language' Inigo Jones 17th century architectural pioneer John Keats 19th century Romantic poet James Keir Hardie politician, first leader of the Labour Party Sir William Thomson, Lord Kelvin Victorian physicist, mathematician John F Kennedy Cold War US president, assassinated John Maynard Keynes influential 20th century economist Khafra ancient Egyptian architect, model for the Sphinx Ayatollah Khomeini 20th century leader of Iran's Islamic revolution Nikita Khrushchev Cold War Soviet leader during the Cuban Missile Crisis Khufu Egyptian pharaoh, built Great Pyramid at Giza Kilby and Noyce electrical engineers, invented the microchip Martin Luther King 20th century US civil rights leader, assassinated Rudyard Kipling 19th-20th century writer, Nobel prize winner Henry Kissinger 20th century sun princess alaska cruise US academic, politician, Nobel prize winner Lord Horatio Kitchener British world War One general, mobilised mass armies TE Lawrence British writer, soldier, mobilised the Arab Revolt of World War One Vladimir Lenin Russian revolutionary, leader of the Soviet Union Abraham Lincoln 19th century US president, won the American Civil War James Lind 18th century physician, developed treatments for scurvy David Livingstone Victorian missionary, explorer in Africa Louis XIV king of France, made France dominant on the continent Louis XV king of France whose policies precipitated revolution Louis XVI king of France, executed during the French Revolution Erich Ludendorff German World War One general, Nazi sympathiser Martin Luther German theologian, inspired the Protestant Reformation Macbeth medieval king of Scotland, inaccurately portrayed by Shakespeare Ramsay MacDonald first Labour prime minister, 20th century Harold Macmillan post-war Conservative prime minister Kirkpatrick Macmillan Victorian inventor of the bicycle Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese explorer, first European citizen blue angels watch to cross the Pacific Thomas Malthus 19th century economist, developed theories of population growth Nelson Mandela The first democratically-elected president of his country Mao Zedong Chinese communist leader, founder of the People's Republic of China George C Marshall general, politician, creator of the 'Marshall Plan' Karl Marx 19th century philosopher, developed theory of international communism Mary I first queen of England in her own right, persecuted Protestants, Tudor Mary II 17th century queen of England, co-ruler with William III (of Orange) Matilda heir to Henry I, usurped by Stephen Lord Melbourne 19th century prime minister, favourite of Queen Victoria Michelangelo Italian Renaissance artist John Stuart Mill 19th century philosopher, economist and social reformer Claude Monet 19th-20th century Impressionist artist Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery British World War Two general Thomas More Tudor chancellor, resisted England's break with papacy Jean Moulin French World War Two resistance leader, killed Lord Louis Mountbatten The last viceroy of British India Benito Mussolini World War Two fascist dictator of Italy Jawaharlal Nehru first prime minister of independent India Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson 18th-19th century English admiral, national hero Nero last Roman emperor of the Julio-Claudian line Thomas Newcomen 19th century pioneer of the steam engine Isaac Newton 17th century mathematician, physicist, discovered gravity Nicholas II last tsar of Russia, executed by the Bolsheviks Florence Nightingale Victorian pioneer of nursing Richard Nixon 20th century US president, resigned after Watergate scandal Alfred Nobel invented dynamite, established the Nobel prizes Caroline Norton Victorian campaigner for women's rights Noyce and Kilby 20th century electrical engineers, invented the microchip Feargus O'Connor 19th century social reformer George Orwell 20th century journalist, author, wrote '1984' Wilfred Owen World War One soldier, poet Emmeline Pankhurst leader of the suffragette campaign to win the vote Charles Parnell 19th century Irish nationalist leader Louis Pasteur French chemist, biologist, proved the germ theory of disease St Patrick patron saint of Ireland Joseph Paxton Victorian architect, creator of the Crystal Palace Sir Robert Peel Victorian Tory prime minister, created the Metropolitan Police Samuel Pepys 17th century diarist Philippe Pétain French general, leader of the Vichy collaborationist government Pablo Picasso 20th century Spanish artist Pitt the Younger prime minister during the Napoleonic Wars Pliny the Younger ancient Roman administrator, writer Marco Polo 13th century Venetian explorer of China Pol Pot 20th century Cambodian communist leader, architect of genocide The Princes in the Towersons of Edward IV, probably murdered Pythagoras ancient Greek scientist, mathematician Walter Raleigh Tudor explorer, navigator, favourite of Elizabeth I Rameses the Great Egyptian pharaoh, prolific builder on monumental scale Ronald Reagan 20th century US president, brought collapse of the Soviet Union Rembrandt 17th century Dutch artist John Rennie 18th-19th century engineer of docks, canals, aqueducts Richard I medieval king of England, led the Third Crusade Richard II medieval king of England, ended the Peasants' Revolt, deposed Richard III last Yorkist king of England, killed in battle Jack the Ripper late Victorian serial killer in London's East End Augustus Pitt Rivers Victorian pioneer of archaeology Maximilien Robespierre French revolutionary leader, executed William Heath Robinson 19th-20th century cartoonist, illustrator Peter Mark Roget 19th century physician, writer, inventor of the Thesaurus Franklin D Roosevelt statesman, World War Two US president Theodore Roosevelt 20th century US president Jean-Jacques Rousseau French 18th century political philosopher Prince Rupert Royalist cavalry commander in the English Civil War Ernest Rutherford 20th century nuclear physicist, Nobel prize winner Siegfried Sassoon World War One soldier, poet Mary, Queen of Scots queen of so good soy milk Scotland, executed by Elizabeth I Scott of the Antarctic explorer, died on expedition to the South Pole Mary Seacole 19th century pioneer of nursing Ernest Shackleton Antarctic explorer, led the 'Endurance' expedition William Shakespeare Elizabethan playwright, poet Granville Sharp leading British abolitionist Percy Bysshe Shelley 19th century Romantic poet Adam Smith 18th century political economist, wrote 'Wealth of Nations' Snofru Egyptian pharaoh, built the first 'true' pyramid John Snow 19th century physician, pioneer of epidemiology John Hanning Speke 19th century explorer, discovered the source of the Nile The Cambridge Spies post-war spy ring, passed secrets to the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin World birth defect lawyer michigan War Two Soviet leader, dictator Henry Stanley Victorian explorer, journalist, African colonialist George Starr World War Two British agent Stephen medieval usuper king of England, presided over domestic strife George Stephenson pioneering Victorian rail engineer Marie Stopes campaigner for women's rights, pioneer of family planning William Stukeley 18th century pioneer of archaeology, investigated Stonehenge Suetonius Roman governor of Britain, defeated Boudicca's revolt Harriet Taylor 19th century campaigner for women's rights Margaret Thatcher 20th century Conservative prime minister Tiberius second emperor of Rome Titus Roman emperor when Pompeii was destroyed by Vesuvius Charles Edward Trevelyan Victorian pioneer of the civil service Leon Trotsky Russian revolutionary, exiled and assassinated Harry S Truman World War Two US president, ordered atomic bombings of Japan William Tuke 18th-19th century pioneer of mental health care Jethro Tull 18th century agriculturalist, inventor of the seed drill Alan Turing 20th century mathematician, pioneer of computer science Joseph Turner 18th-19th century landscape artist Tutankhamun short-lived Egyptian pharaoh whose tomb was found intact William Tyndale 16th century theologian, translated the bible into English The Unknown Warriora memorial to war dead who have resident evil action figure no known grave Vincent Van Gogh Dutch post-Impressionist artist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 17th century pioneer of microbiology Andreas Vesalius 16th century Flemish pioneer of anatomy Vespasian first Roman emperor of the Flavian dynasty Victoria queen of Great Britain, the longest reigning British monarch Virgil ancient Roman poet, wrote the 'Aeneid' William Wallace Scottish patriot and national hero Barnes Wallis World War Two aviation engineer, invented the 'bouncing bomb' Sir Robert Walpole considered Britain's first prime minister Andy Warhol 20th century artist George Washington American revolutionary, general, first US president Watson and Crick discovered structure of DNA, Nobel prize winners James Watt 18th-19th century pioneer of steam technology Josiah Wedgwood 18th century social reformer, manufacturer Duke of Wellington 18th-19th century British general, national hero Frank Whittle 20th century pioneer of the jet engine William Wilberforce 18th-19th century anti-slavery campaigner Oscar Wilde Victorian playwright, jailed for his homosexuality Wilhelm II kaiser of Germany during World War One, abdicated John Wilkinson 18th century pioneer of the use of cast iron William the Conqueror first Norman king of England William II Norman king of England, killed while hunting William III king of England, Scotland, Ireland, deposed James II William IV 19th century king of the United Kingdom Woodrow Wilson World War One US president, envisioned the League of Nations Thomas Wolsey statesman, lord chancellor to Henry VIII William Wordsworth 18th-19th century Romantic poet Sir Christopher Wren 17th-18th century architect, built St Paul's Cathedral Georgi Zhukov World War Two Soviet general About the BBC Help Terms of Use Privacy & Cookies Policy. More than a "life and times" biography, this is a beautifully rendered social history of a portion of the African American migration story of the twentieth century. 3 The History Cooperative Nick Salvatore. , Nat Turner, Frederick Douglass, and Malcolm X. . My only quarrel is with the title. Nick Salvatore has set a high standard as a lucid and engaging biographer of vitally important if at times lesser-known figures in American history—beginning with his well-known Bancroft-prize winning study of Eugene V. Debs and then his unjustly neglected work on the nineteenth-century black labor figure Amos Webber. At the same time, Franklin stayed at some remove from politics. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia et al (1951) Brown v. Like so many others, he moved from the Delta to Memphis as the first step in a migration that would eventually take him briefly to Buffalo during World War II, then to Detroit, where he would make his name and his fame, and eventually part-time to Los Angeles, where he pastored a church even as he retained his home congregation in Detroit. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) Emmett Louis Till, Sacrificial Lamb of the Civil Rights Movement (1955) Executive Order 10730 of Desegregation by President Dwight D. Franklin, the Black Church, and the Transformation of America. An Act Declaring the Negro, Mulatto, and Indian slaves within this dominion, to be real estate (1705) Thomas Jefferson, A Bill Concerning Slaves (1779) An Act For the Gradual Abolition of Slavery (1780) Benjamin Franklin: An Address to the Public Concerning Slavery (1789) The Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 Venture Smith, Narrative of a Slave's Capture (1798) An Act to Prohibit the Importation of Slaves (1807) The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 Frederick Douglass 'The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro' (1852) Henry Carey Excerpts from: The Slave Trade, Domestic and Foreign (1853) The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 Abraham Lincoln Speech on the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) The Dred Scott Decision (1856) Abraham Lincoln Speech on the Dred Scott Decision (1856) The Emancipation Proclamation (1864) Louisiana Black Codes, an Act (1865) 13th Amendment to the U. . Eight new figures chosen by the public are now live. Salvatore makes it clear how much Franklin burned inside through painful personal experiences of discrimination and humiliation. They understood that "the whoop" would be even more powerful, not less, when linked to the modern African American experience of migration, segregation, and discrimination, as well as upward mobility. Book Review The American Historical Review, 111. In June 1979, he was shot in a bungled burglary attempt at his Detroit home. Eisenhower (1957) President Eisenhower: Federal Court Orders Must be Upheld (1957) John F. Say Brother Ten Great Black Historical Figures Ten Great Black Historical Figures Afro-AmericansPolitical activity Public Affairs: Current Events Black Political ConventionDorchesterMassachusetts (1971) Community leadershipBostonMassachusetts Model CitiesBostonMassachusetts Program weaves historical briefs about men selected as the "greatest Black men in history" with a contemporary discussion of Boston's current political situation. As well, Salvatore's supremely assured writing on African American religious culture and politics is most impressive; this book is, incidentally, one of the most compelling works now existing on twentieth-century African American religion. |